Defence
work of the Great Wall during the Ming Dynasty was divided into architectures
of differing grades, classes, forms and uses, such as fortressed town,
castle, garrison city, mountain pass city, stronghold city, city wall,
watch tower, wall tower and furnace mound (for making smoke as signal
in case of invasion).  These architectures are connected with each other
and coordinate with each other, forming a complete network of defence
projects. But they can be divided in to three parts: Mountain pass
city, Beacon fire site and wall.
Mountain pass city
The mountain pass city is a major defence stronghold along the Great
Wall of the Ming Dynasty. During emergency, top generals and high-ranking
officers were stationed in the mountain pass city, whose location was
considered to be of great importance. Discover more...
Beacon
fire site
Beacon fire site were known by a score of names: feng sui, feng tai,
yan dun, lang yan tai, ting, sui, etc. They were known as ting or sui
or ting sui during the Han Dynasty. In the Tang and Song dynasties they
came to be called feng tai. But they were known as yan dun or duntai
in the Ming Dynasty.
The
Wall ( or rampart )
The wall is the main construction work, connecting strategic mountain
passes and beacon fire sites into an integrated unit. The wall is built
in accordance with the terrain. It's width and height vary from place
to place. Take Juyongguan Pass and Badaling for instance. The body of
the wall here averages 7 or 8 meters in height. It is 6 or 7 meters
thick at the base. The top is 5 meters wide. The wall is therefore narrow
at top and broad at base. Discover
more...
Photo of Badaling Great Wall
    
Photo of HuangHuaCheng Great Wall
  
Photo of Jinshanling Great Wall
   
Photo of Juyongguan Great Wall
      
Photo of Mutianyu Great Wall
   
Photo of Simatai Great Wall
        
Beijing Tour Routes Includes Great Wall
Beijing One Day Tour：
BD-4. Badaling Wall+Ming Tomb
BD-5. Badaling Wall+Summer Palace
BD-6. Badaling Great Wall,Tiananmen Square,Forbidden City
BD-7. Mutianyu wall+Ming Tomb
BD-8. Mutianyu Great wall, Summer Palace
BD-9. Mutianyu Great wall, Tiananmen Square and Forbidden City
BD-10. Simatai Great Wall
BD-11. Beijing Day Tour from Xingang Port
BD-14. Half Day Tour to Badaling Great Wall
Xingang Beijing Tour
BX-1. Xingang Beijing 2 days (no hotel)
BX-2. Xingang Beijing 2 days tour
BX-3. Xingang Beijing 4 days tour
BD-11. Xingang Beijing 1 day tour
Seat in Coach Beijing Tour
BST-1. Great Wall tour bus tour
Beijing Xian Tour
BJXA-3. Beijing Xian 4 days tour
BJXA-4. Beijing Xian 7 days tour
BJXA-5. Beijing Xian 9 days tour
Beijing Chengde Tour
BJCD-2. Beijing Chengde 6 days tour
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